Taxaceae and Cephalotaxaceae: Biodiversity, Chemodiversity, and Pharmacotherapy accounts for the biodiversity and chemodiversity of these medicinal plants, examining and synthesizing existing research into their biology, chemistry and pharmacotherapy. The title examines how pharmacophylogeny allows sustainable conservation and exploitation, presents how these plants work from the chemical level upward, and examines associated microbe compounds. Chapters present a summary of biological and biochemical research of Taxaceae plants, progress in mining their chemodiversity, mining pharmacotherapy utility from their chemodiversity and biodiversity, drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic diversity of their medicinal compounds, mining pharmacotherapy utility from associated microbes, and more. Sections cover the biodiversity, chemodiversity and pharmacotherapy of Cephalotaxus medicinal plants, Amentotaxus, Pseudotaxus and Torreya medicinal plants. The book envisages that multiple omics platforms and advanced systems biology will allow further exploration of Taxaceae and Cephalotaxaceae, thus streamlining the future drug supply chain.• Covers the biodiversity and chemodiversity of Taxaceae/Cephalotaxus medicinal plants• Considers how a pharmacophylogeny framework can benefit conservation and sustainable exploitation of these plants• Presents how Taxaceae/Cephalotaxus work from the chemical level upward• Details the polypharmacology of these plants and associated microbe compounds in relation to pharmaceutical design and development• Brings the reader up-to-date on the biology, chemistry and pharmacotherapy of Taxaceae/Cephalotaxus medicinal plants